In which condition would FDG uptake in the brain likely be significantly higher?

In the intraictal phase of epilepsy, FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) uptake in the brain is likely to be significantly higher due to the increased metabolic demand of the neurons during a seizure. When a seizure occurs, there is an intense and localized discharge of neurons that leads to a dramatic increase in glucose utilization as these cells become hyperactive. This increase in metabolic activity is well-captured by PET imaging using FDG, making it a valuable diagnostic tool in identifying seizure foci in epilepsy.

In comparison, while the other conditions listed may also demonstrate FDG uptake, they do not typically exhibit the same level of heightened uptake as seen during the active phase of a seizure. For example, during post-stroke recovery, the metabolism may still be elevated but not to the extraordinary levels observed during an active seizure. Chronic migraine might show some altered brain metabolism but typically not the dramatic spike associated with the intraictal phase. Alzheimer's disease can show areas of decreased glucose metabolism due to neurodegeneration and isn't associated with acute bursts of activity as in seizures. Thus, the intraictal phase presents a unique scenario of heightened glucose utilization, making it the condition with the significantly higher FDG uptake within the options provided.