What class of medications is used to treat hypertension?

The class of medications primarily used to treat hypertension is calcium-channel blockers. These medications work by inhibiting the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, which leads to relaxation of these muscles. This results in a decreased heart rate and dilation of blood vessels, ultimately lowering blood pressure.

Calcium-channel blockers are effective in managing high blood pressure and are often used in combination with other antihypertensive agents for a more comprehensive approach to treatment. They are particularly useful for patients who may also experience conditions such as angina or certain heart rhythm disorders.

In contrast, while beta-blockers are also used to treat hypertension by reducing heart rate and the heart's workload, they are not the only or primary class of medications for hypertension. Antihistamines do not have any effect on blood pressure and are used for allergic reactions. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and have no role in hypertension management. Understanding the specific action and therapeutic uses of each class of medication is crucial for recognizing their role in treating different medical conditions.