What is commonly observed in the lungs with Sarcoidosis?

In sarcoidosis, the presence of granulomas is a hallmark characteristic observed in the lungs. Granulomas are small clusters of immune cells that form as a response to inflammation. In the case of sarcoidosis, these granulomas lead to the infiltration of lymphocytes and the formation of fibrous tissue, which can disrupt normal lung function. This process occurs due to the body's immune response to an unknown antigen, resulting in localized inflammation in the lungs and potentially in other organs as well.

Granulomas in sarcoidosis can impair respiratory function by interfering with gas exchange and may lead to symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. While other pulmonary complications can occur due to sarcoidosis, such as airway obstruction or restrictive lung disease, the presence of granulomas is what defines the condition and distinguishes it from other pulmonary diseases. Therefore, identifying granulomas is crucial for diagnosing and managing sarcoidosis effectively.