What major blood vessels supply the liver?

The liver is supplied predominantly by two major blood vessels: the hepatic artery and the portal vein. The hepatic artery carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the liver, enabling the liver to receive the oxygen it needs for its various metabolic functions. On the other hand, the portal vein delivers nutrient-rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen directly to the liver. This combination of blood supply is essential for the liver's role in processing nutrients, detoxifying substances, and producing bile.

The hepatic artery ensures that the liver gets a sufficient supply of oxygen for its cellular processes, while the portal vein's contribution allows the liver to manage and regulate nutrients and toxins coming from the digestive system. Together, these vessels provide a dual blood supply that is vital for maintaining the liver's health and function.